Oxidative stress plays an important role in metabolic disorders and some chronic diseases such as thyroid disease, diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies indicate a relationship between redox status, inflammation, and immunity in chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases (ChAID). Higher oxidant status is proposed to be a cause of altered immune and inflammatory responses that lead to development of these diseases. In addition, excessive ROS generation causes changes in cellular proteins, lipids and nucleic acids leading to several cellular dysfunctions (such as altered cellular signaling and transport mechanisms, genetic mutations, loss of energy metabolism, and overall decreased biological activity) that may affect the course of diseases.

A number of environmental and intrinsic factors alter redox homeostasis. For example, increased release of hormones, fatty acids, and proinflammatory mediators (including TNF-α, Il-6) from adipose tissue generate excess free radical formation. Inflammation directly increases the level of ROS and activates T and B lymphocytes, which in turn generate ROS and produce/secrete autoantibodies. Higher autoantibodies and oxidative stress levels in patients lead to progression of autoimmune disorders.

In this Special Issue, we aim to bring together novel research on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic and autoimmune inflammatory disorders. In addition, this Special Issue will focus on the relationship between redox status, inflammation, and immune responses in different stages of the diseases and strategies for their prevention and therapy. Studies on metabolic disorders-induced oxidative stress in chronic and age-related diseases are also encouraged. Original research and review articles are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Redox status in chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases (ChAID)
• Interplay between immune, inflammatory, and oxidative stress in ChAID
• Mechanisms and implications of ROS generation in pathogenesis and progression of the ChAID
• Current strategies to reduce the impact of oxidative stress in ChAID progression
• Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in ChAID
• Immune and inflammatory responses during ChAID
• Methods to evaluate oxidative stress and/or inflammation in ChAID
• Influence of ROS and/or inflammation on the severity of ChAID
• Novel therapeutic interventions for immune, inflammatory, and oxidative responses in ChAID
• Xenobiotics and environmental pollutants as modulators of immune response in ChAID
• Other areas of research which may pave the way for better understanding of the role of ROS in the pathogenesis and progression of ChAID and to improve their treatment and diagnosis