The occurrence and development of many diseases are closely related to oxidative stress. With the accelerating process of urbanization, aging, and changing lifestyles, this kind of disease has become a prominent threat to the health of the global population. The study of neuroimaging markers will provide new strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular chronic oxidative stress-related diseases, and has been paid increasing attention from governments and societies all over the world.

Neuroimaging includes technologies such as high-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and so on. A key goal of the research is to conduct early diagnosis and intervention of chronic inflammatory disease. Much progress has been made in the development and use of neuroimaging markers in chronic inflammatory diseases. These methods provide versatility in addressing different age-related and pathophysiological mechanisms, such as structural decline (for example volume measurement, cortical thinning), functional decline (for example fMRI activity, network correlation), connectivity decline (for example diffusion anisotropy) and pathological polymerization (such as amyloid and PET).

Many neuroimages can reflect the general pathological changes in the brain caused by diseases. The use of neuroimaging is significant for the prevention, treatment, and prognosis of ocular chronic oxidative stress-related diseases. It could help with the following: defining the presence or absence of neurological involvement; describing the extent and localization of neurological involvement; identifying CNS determinants of symptomatic response to non-neurological disease states; and identifying previously suspected neurological triggers for multifaceted disease states.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an improved understanding of the neuroimaging markers of ocular chronic oxidative stress-related diseases, in the hope that this will be create a better understanding of how ocular chronic oxidative stress-related diseases develop and affect individuals, facilitating early diagnosis and treatment, as well as clarifying the pathological mechanism. Original research and review articles are welcomed.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Neuroimaging markers of chronic oxidative stress-related ocular surface diseases
• New discovery or in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of neuronal imaging in chronic oxidative stress-related ocular surface diseases
• Neuroimaging markers predict the treatment outcome of chronic oxidative stress-related ocular surface diseases
• New technique for molecular detection of chronic oxidative stress on ocular surface
• Treatment of ocular surface diseases related to chronic oxidative stress based on neuroimaging mechanism analysis