Nanotechnology is currently being established and applied in medicine and drug delivery. Various groups of drugs contain nanomaterials that can cause phototoxic effects such as erythema, edema, and ocular disorders in human beings on exposure to solar radiation/ irradiation of UV-A and UV-B.

The problem of drug phototoxicity in some countries has become more serious because of the discriminate use of drugs. Phototoxicity mainly involves damage of the cellular membrane, mitochondria, lysosomes, cytoplasm, proteins, lipids, and DNA through oxidative stress (generation of free radicals) or direct interaction with biomolecules as a key mechanism, which can lead to several diseases including, cancer, cataracts, arthritis, heart disease, etc.

In this Special Issue, we aim to explore the underlying mechanisms of drug and nanomaterials phototoxicity and carcinogenicity in human health. The mechanism of phototoxicity of drugs and nanomaterials depends on generation of free radicals and route exposure. This Special Issue is focused on rapid in vitro screening of new or existing drugs/ nanomaterials with unknown phototoxic potential. Original research and review articles are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Phototoxicity of drugs and nanomaterials
• Mechanism of nanomaterial photogenotoxicity and carcinogenicity
• Role of reactive oxygen species in nanoparticle phototoxicity
• Application of phototoxic drugs in skin cancer
• Application of nanomaterials in neurological diseases
• Effects of nanomaterial phototoxicity on the nervous system
• Oxidative stress in nanomaterial phototoxicity
• Oxidative stress in drug phototoxicity
• Mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species in drug and nanomaterial phototoxicity