Heart failure (HF) is an important public health problem due to a poor prognosis and high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. HF is clinically characterised by a reduced capacity for physical exercise and daily activities due to the early occurrence of fatigue and dyspnea. Reduced exercise capacity has been closely linked to HF severity and prognosis.

Over the past few decades, clinical and experimental studies have provided substantial evidence that oxidative stress, which is defined as an imbalance between oxygen radical production and scavenging, increases in the myocardium and at a systemic level during HF. At physiological levels, reactive oxygen species play important roles in intracellular pathways and redox signalling, but at higher levels they may induce cellular dysfunction and damage. Despite extensive studies, however, the molecular pathways involved in HF-associated oxidative stress are still not completely understood.

This Special Issue aims to give a compact overview of the basic mechanisms and of novel developments in the progressive theory of the role of oxidative stress in HF pathophysiology, contributing to a more comprehensive knowledge of the disease. We invite investigators to contribute original research and review articles that will help to elucidate the effects of oxidative stress in HF. We encourage the submission of in vitro and animal experiments, as well as clinical studies describing the mechanisms, signalling pathways, novel targets, and therapies for heart failure.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Sources of reactive oxygen species and molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in heart failure
• The role of oxidative stress in cardiac remodelling and skeletal muscle abnormalities during heart failure
• The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of heart failure
• Oxidative stress biomarkers in heart failure
• Exercise as an antioxidant therapy against oxidative stress in heart failure
• Prevention and treatment of heart failure-associated oxidative stress
• Diet management and antioxidant supplementation as therapeutic interventions in heart failure