Deep, Surface, or Both? A Study of Occupational Therapy Students’ Learning Concepts
Table 3
Hierarchical linear regression analyses showing direct associations with the students’ learning concepts ().
Independent variables
Deep concept
Surface concept
Collected effort concept
Sociodemographic factors
Age
0.14
0.11
−0.08
0.41
0.04
0.66
Gender
0.17
0.06
0.08
0.36
0.16
0.08
Explained variance
4.5%
0.03
1.4%
0.35
3.1%
0.10
Personal factors
Self-esteem
0.05
0.61
0.07
0.53
0.08
0.48
General self-efficacy
0.15
0.15
−0.11
0.32
0.03
0.80
2 change
5.2%
0.02
0.6%
0.65
2.1%
0.21
Explained variance
9.7%
<0.01
2.0%
0.56
5.1
0.11
Education factors
Cohort
−0.03
0.73
−0.06
0.54
−0.05
0.55
Prior higher education
−0.10
0.24
0.09
0.31
−0.01
0.93
Average time per week on the independent study
0.15
0.09
0.16
0.08
0.19
<0.05
Self-assessment of study performance
0.11
0.20
0.08
0.39
0.12
0.18
2 change
4.0%
0.17
3.9%
0.22
4.8%
0.12
Explained variance
13.7%
<0.01
6.0%
0.36
10.0%
0.06
Note. Table content is standardized beta weights and corresponding values. Coding of categorical variables: male = 0; female = 1. No prior higher education = 0; prior higher education = 1. For all other variables, higher scores indicate higher levels.
