A Feasibility RCT Evaluating a Play-Informed, Caregiver-Implemented, Home-Based Intervention to Improve the Play of Children Who Are HIV Positive
Table 3
Changes in PICIHBI group ToP item scores over time.
ToP item#
Descriptive statistics
Friedman’s
Post hoc pairwise comparison
Baseline
Mid
Post
Baseline-mid-post
Baseline to mid
Baseline to post
Mid to post
Med
IQR
Med
IQR
Med
IQR
χ 2
Engaged (E)
2.5
1.0
1.0
1.8
2.0
1.0
9.06
0.01
9.00
0.01
1.29
0.26
2.28
0.13
Decides (E)
3.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
3.0
1.0
12.07
<0.01
7.00
0.01
0.20
0.66
8.00
Safety (E)
3.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
2.00
0.37
1.00
0.32
—
—
1.00
0.32
Mischief (E)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.00
0.37
1.00
0.32
1.00
0.32
—
—
Process (E)
2.0
1.0
1.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
3.80
0.15
0.00
1.00
1.60
0.25
3.60
0.06
Pretends (E)
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.5
1.83
0.40
1.29
0.26
0.20
0.66
1.00
0.32
Unconventional (E)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.34
0.85
0.20
0.66
0.00
1.00
0.34
0.57
Social play (E)
2.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
6.42
0.04
2.78
0.10
7.00
0.01
0.00
1.00
Clowns (E)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.00
0.61
1.00
0.32
1.00
0.32
0.00
1.00
Cues (E)
1.0
2.0
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.8
1.60
0.45
0.67
0.42
0.00
1.00
1.60
0.21
Engaged (I)
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.8
1.0
1.0
0.39
0.83
0.20
0.66
0.00
1.00
0.40
0.53
Social play (I)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
0.61
0.74
0.00
1.00
0.67
0.42
0.15
0.71
Affect (I)
1.0
1.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.0
4.21
0.12
2.00
0.16
5.00
0.03
0.15
0.76
Object (I)
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.24
0.33
2.67
0.10
0.00
1.00
1.00
0.32
Engaged (S)
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.44
0.81
0.15
0.71
0.50
0.48
0.15
0.71
Modifies (S)
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
2.00
0.37
2.00
0.16
1.00
0.32
0.34
0.57
Social play (S)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.62
0.45
0.20
0.66
0.67
0.42
1.29
0.26
Supports (S)
0.0
1.5
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.13
0.94
0.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.20
0.66
Initiate (S)
0.0
0.3
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.24
0.33
1.80
0.18
1.80
0.18
0.15
0.76
Shares (S)
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
0.37
0.84
0.20
0.66
0.20
0.66
0.20
0.66
Cues (S)
0.5
1.8
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.0
1.43
0.49
0.15
0.71
0.15
0.71
1.60
0.21
Responds (S)
0.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
2.23
0.33
0.50
0.48
2.67
0.10
0.20
0.66
Objects (S)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.8
3.50
0.18
2.67
0.10
0.15
0.71
2.68
0.10
Transitions (S)
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
9.06
0.01
9.00
<0.01
0.50
0.48
2.78
0.10
Notes: #Some ToP items were scored “not applicable” for some children; as a result, the following ToP items did not have enough data for analysis: Enters (S), Persists (I), Engages in playful mischief or teasing (S), Pretends (S), Creative (I), Negotiates (S), and Clowns or jokes (S); IQR = interquartile range; Friedman’s two-way ANOVA; post hoc pairwise comparison tests. p: adjusted value after post hoc Dunn-Bonferroni test; —: test did not run as the mean rank values were identical; .
