Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability of the Patient-Rated Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire for Thai Patients

Table 1

Demographic data of participants ().

Demographic data	Number of patients (%)
Gender
Male	9 (30)
Female	21 (70)
Education
None	1 (3.33)
Primary education	8 (26.67)
Secondary education	9 (30)
Diploma	7 (23.33)
Undergraduate	5 (16.67)
Graduate	0 (0)
Dominant side
Right	25 (83.33)
Left	5 (16.67)
Affected side
Right	15 (50)
Left	12 (40)
Both	3 (10)
Cause of injury
Bone injury: fracture	14 (46.67)
Joint degeneration: arthritis and subluxation	3 (10)
Muscle, tendon, and ligament injury	11 (36.67)
Nerve injury	1 (3.33)
Unknown	1 (3.33)
Previous work
Yes	24 (80)
No	6 (20)
Occupation after injury
Yes	12 (40)
No	18 (60)
Income
Up to 5000 baht	9 (30)
5000-10,000 baht	9 (30)
10,001-15,000 baht	4 (13.33)
15,001-20,000 baht	4 (13.33)
Above 20,000 baht	4 (13.33)
Family income
Up to 10,000 baht	4 (13.33)
10,001-20,000 baht	7 (23.33)
20,001-30,000 baht	10 (33.33)
30,001-40,000 baht	6 (20)
Above 40,000 baht	3 (30)
Medical expense reimbursement plan
Yes	25 (83.33)
Social security scheme	6 (20)
Universal coverage scheme	11 (36.67)
Government enterprise officer	8 (26.67)
No (self-supporting)	5 (16.67)
Worker compensation scheme
Yes	6 (20)
No	24 (80)