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| Reference | Purpose | Design | Sampling strategy | Sample | Data collection methods | Data analysis |
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Bray et al., 2019
(UK)
[23] | To determine an intervention based on the principles of Namaste Care, learning from the experience of others who are implementing this in nursing homes | Mixed methods: sequential investigation | Not specified | Survey: 100 participants
Interview: 13 participants (6 managers, 1 assistant nurse, 1 nurse, 1 consultant, 1 dementia care specialist, 1 occupational therapist, 3 trainers) | Survey/in-depth interviews | Quantitative study: not specified
Qualitative study: thematic |
Chang et al., 2019
(Wales, UK)
[4] | To provide comprehensive and sustainable care, honoring and respecting the person | A qualitative study from a larger mixed-method research | Purposive sampling | 20 (12 nurses, 8 assistants in nursing) | Focus groups (semistructured interview schedule) | Thematic |
Gijsberts et al., 2013
(Dutch)
[9] | To explore both the needs as well as the approach of spirituality, including dementia and the contribution of caregivers in the spiritual needs of residents | Ethnographic | Not specified | 8 (4 nurses, 3 physicians, 1 spiritual counsellor) | Formal interviews | Inductive thematic |
Keenan & Kirwan, 2018
(Ireland)
[14] | To explore the perception of spirituality of nurses in older people living with dementia | A qualitative descriptive research approach | Purposive sampling | 8 nurses | Interviews (interview schedule informed) | Thematic |
Kupeli et al., 2016 (London, UK)
[3] | To identify the factors, as well as their influence on the results on end of life care in advanced dementia | Qualitative study (realist approach) | Purposive sampling | 14 (4 nurses, 3 health care assistants, 3 managers, 2 joint commissionings, 1 occupational therapist, 1 mental health professional) | Interactive interviews | Thematic |
Livingston et al., 2012 (London, UK)
[39] | To examine barriers and facilitators for the nursing home staff, to improve the approach for end of life in people with dementia | Qualitative methodology | Not specified | 58 (30 care workers, 20 nurses, 8 senior careers) | Interviews (interview guide) | Broadly thematic content-analytic approach |
Moore et al., 2019 (London, UK)
[40] | To explore the practice and the role played by the services for helping to prepare end of life care | Mixed methods: cross-sectional survey and interview study | Not specified | Quantitative study: 45 survey participants (39 nurses, 2 occupational therapists, 2 social workers, 1 doctor, 1 psychologist)
Qualitative study: 12 participants (1 team leader, 3 consultant psychiatrists, 5 nurses, 1 care coordinator, 1 occupational therapist, 1 support worker) | Survey/semistructured interviews (interview guide) | Quantitative study: standard descriptive statistics
Qualitative study: inductive analysis |
Powers & Watson, 2011 (New York, US)
[41] | To understand spirituality; examine the perception of health professionals as well as the family members on the spiritual approach; to analyze the resources for an assessment and intervention of the spiritual needs | Mixed methods | Quantitative study: random stratified sample
Qualitative study: purposefully selected | Quantitative study: a survey of a 21% sample of staff. A 38% reply rate was accomplished
Qualitative study: 66 nursing home staff (nurses and nursing assistants, social workers, recreation and physical therapists) | Quantitative data collection: surveys
Qualitative data collection: semistructured interviews | Quantitative study: descriptive statistics
Qualitative study: thematic |
Schmidt et al., 2018 (Germany)
[6] | To identify the needs of advanced dementia in the final phase and to explore the relevant aspects which must be covered | Grounded theory | Convenience sampling | 42 (33 caregivers, 3 physicians, 3 housekeepers, 2 others, 1 physician) | Semistructured group discussion/interview individual | Comparative method analysis |
Stacpoole et al., 2017
(UK)
[25] | To establish whether the Namaste Care program can be implemented in nursing homes in the United Kingdom and what effect this has on the quality of life of residents with advanced dementia and their family members | A qualitative study (organizational action research) from a larger mixed-method research | Not specified | Focus group preimplementation: 40 (9 nurses, 28 care workers, 3 activities coordinators)
Focus group post: 31 (7 nurses, 22 care workers, 2 activity coordinators)
5 managers interviewed | Focus groups/semistructured interviews | Grounded theory analysis |
Toivonen et al., 2018 (Finland)
[12] | To describe the experiences of nurses in their approach on spirituality of older people living with dementia | Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology | Purposive sampling | 17 female nurses; (9 registered nurses, 8 assistant nurses) | Unstructured interviews | Inductive content |
van der Steen et al., 2017 (Netherlands, UK, US, Belgium, Israel)
[7] | To understand the needs in the development of PC needs in terminal stages of dementia | Qualitative methodology | Not specified | 11 physicians, 10 nurses, 1 social worker, 3 project leaders | Focus groups/interviews (interview guide) | Thematic |
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