Androgen Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms, Associations with Prostate Cancer Risk and Pathological Characteristics: A Comparative Analysis between South African and Senegalese Men

Table 1

Description of clinical characteristics among South African and Senegalese prostate cancer cases and controls.

	South Africa						Senegal
Variables of interest	White		Mixed		Black		Senegalese		𝑃
	Controls; (𝑛=134)	Cases; (𝑛=120)	Controls (𝑛=167)	Cases; (𝑛=207)	Controls (𝑛=20)	Cases; (𝑛=25)	Controls (𝑛=300)	Cases; (𝑛=86)
^aMedian age (years)	63	71	61	67	60	71	50	66	<0.001 (controls); 0.002 (cases)
^bMedian PSA (ng/mL)	0.8	14.3	0.9	19.3	1.4	47.8	1.2	57.5	<0.001 (controls); <0.001 (cases)
^‡Gleason ≥ 7		34/78 (43.6%)		62/130 (47.7%)		9/12 (75.0%)		34/76 (40.5)	0.146 (cases)
^‡Stage 3/4		35/104 (33.7%)		85/203 (41.9%)		14/24 (58.3%)		35/78 (44.9%)	0.121 (cases)
^‡Metastasis		3/100 (3.0%)		21/196 (10.7%)		3/22 (13.6%)		14/86 (16.3%)	0.003 (cases)

^aFor each of the respective population groups, 𝑃≤0.05 when comparing the median age between cases versus controls.
^bFor each of the respective population groups, 𝑃≤0.05 when comparing the median PSA between cases versus controls.
^‡Gleason score, tumor stage and/or metastases information were missing from the medical records of some of the clinically confirmed prostate cancer cases. Therefore, the numbers and percentages shown are for the available information, and not that of the total number of cases included in the study for each population group.