Relationship of Dietary Intake of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids with Risk of Prostate Cancer Development: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies and Review of Literature

Table 3

Forest plot of dietary alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) intake and long-chain omega-3 intake versus total incidence of prostate cancer (Giovannucci et al. [11] removed).

Study name	Subgroup within study	Time point	Statistics for each study
			Rick ratio	Lower limit	Upper limit	𝑍-value	𝑃-value	Risk ratio and 95% Cl	Relative weight
Schuurman	ALA	1999	0.760	0.569	1.016	−1.854	0.064		6.50
Koralek	ALA	2006	0.940	0.8100	1.090	−0.817	0.414		24.83
Park	ALA	2007	0.920	0.835	1.014	1.683	0.092		58.07
Wallström	ALA	2007	0.920	0.733	1.155	−0.719	0.472		10.60
			0.914	0.848	0.984	−2.397	0.017
Schuurman	DHA	1999	1.030	0.754	1.407	0.186	0.853		8.16
Park	DHA	2007	0.990	0.895	1..96	−0.194	0.846		77.37
Wallstrom	DHA	2007	1.290	1.020	1.631	2.129	0.033		14.47
			1.032	0.944	1.128	0.692	0.489
Schuurman	EPA	1999	1.000	0.735	1.360	0.000	1.000		9.19
Park	EPA	2007	1.010	0.906	1.125	0.180	0.857		74.12
Wallström	EPA	2007	1.280	1.019	1.608	2.120	0.034		16.68
			1.050	0.956	1.152	1.021	0.307
Wallström	Long-chain 𝑛-3	2007	1.280	1.011	1.621	2.048	0.041		25.23
Chavarrq	Long-chain 𝑛-3	2008	1.090	0.950	1.250	1.231	0.218		74.77
			1.135	1.008	1.278	2.093	0.036
			1.004	0.960	1.050	0.178	0.859