Systematic Review of Focal Prostate Brachytherapy and the Future Implementation of Image-Guided Prostate HDR Brachytherapy Using MR-Ultrasound Fusion

Table 1

Summary of dosimetric manuscripts.

Author/year	Focal/focused	Tumor imaging	Treatment imaging	Patient number/technique	Dosing data summary	Sal
Todor et al. 2011 [18]	Focused	MRI/MRS	MRI reg US	LDR standard versus boost mix of , , and seeds	Mixed seeds allowed 20%–66% increase in dose to tumor PTV while decreasing urethra dose by 10% compared to standard single type seed plans	No
Kamrava et al. 2013 [14]	Focal	CT	CT	HDR 7.25 Gy × 6, WG versus HG plans	WG: D90 112%, V100 97.6%, V150 33.8%, 64.1%, 67.5%, 95.2%; HG: D90 108%, V100 98.8%, V150 26.5%, 53.1%, 55.9%, 69.3%	Yes
Mason et al. 2014 [11]	Focused	MRI	MRI reg US	HDR 15 Gy × 1 fx and then 37.5 Gy in 15 fx EBRT fG versus WG	WG: median D90 17.6 Gy, V150 27.3%, 17.2 Gy, 8 Gy; fG: median D90 20.9 Gy, V150 75.9%, 17.4 Gy, 9 Gy	No
Mason et al. 2014 [12]	Focal	MRI	MRI reg US	HDR 19 Gy × 1, WG versus HG versus FG	WG: D90 20.4 Gy, V100 97.9%, 20.3 Gy, 12.5 Gy; HG: D90 22.2 Gy, V100 98.1%, 19.7 Gy, 9.8 Gy; FG: D90 23.0 Gy, V100 98.2%, 9.2 Gy, 4.6 Gy	Yes
Polders et al. 2015 [19]	Focal	MRI	MRI reg US	LDR 145 Gy × 1 fx, WG versus FG	WG:   Gy, 94% (89–100),    Gy,    Gy,; FG:   Gy,   94% (71–100),    Gy,   Gy,	Yes
Banerjee et al. 2015 [15]	Focal	CT	CT	HDR 7.25 Gy × 6 fx, WG versus HG versus 1/6 gland	WG: D90 109.3% V100 98.7 64.8%, 65.3%, 103.8% 75%; HG: D90 112.7% V100 97.8 56.2% 54.2% 86.5% 57.1%; 1/6 gland: D90 114.7% V100 97.4 24.7%, 32.8%, 52.1% 14.5%	Yes
Al-Qaisieh et al. 2015 [10]	Focal	MRI/biopsy mapping	MRI reg US	LDR 145 Gy × 1 fx WG versus HG versus FG	WG: D90 181.3 Gy, V100 99.8%, 107.5 Gy, 205.9 Gy; HG: D90 195.7 Gy, V100 97.8%, 77.0 Gy, 191.4 Gy; FG: D90 205.9 Gy, V100 99.8%, 42.7 Gy, 92.4 Gy	Yes
Mason et al. 2015 [13]	Focused	MRI	MRI reg US	HDR 15 Gy × 1 fx followed by EBRT 37.5 Gy in 15 fx. WG versus fG	Median values for in WG: D90 18.3 Gy, V150 33.7 Gy, V200 8.9 Gy, 17.1 Gy, 8.4 Gy; Median values for in fG: D90 24.3 Gy, V150 77.2 Gy, V200 30.2 Gy, 17.2 Gy, 8.9 Gy	No
Moman et al. 2010 [17]	Focal	MRI/biopsy mapping	NR	HDR 15 Gy × 1 fx WG versus FG post-RT salvage plans	WG: 25–53%, 5.0–7.2 Gy, 6.5–12 Gy; FG: 93–100%, 2.5–6.4 Gy, 1.4–4.3 Gy	NA

MRS: magnetic resonance spectroscopy, reg: registered, Sal: salvageable, WG: whole gland, HG: hemigland, FG: focal gland plan, fG: focused gland plan, NR: not reported, and NA: not applicable.