Sleep in Genetically Confirmed Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration: A Video-Polysomnographic Study

Table 1

Polysomnographic characteristics of patients with PKAN.

	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3
Age	25	30	54
Gender	F	M	M
Age of onset of PKAN	16	20	30
Sleep latency (min.)	2.5	41	13
Total sleep time (min.)	250	280.5	384.9
N. of awakenings	9	10	3
Wake after sleep onset (WASO)	177	141	10.5
Sleep efficiency (%)	58.6	60.6	94.2
% Stage 1 sleep	3.1	8.2	1.2
% Stage 2 sleep	53.3	55.4	77.2
% SWS	26.4	27.7	0.3
% Stage REM sleep	17.2	8.7	21.4
N. of REM periods	4	2	2
MA index	4.6	7.3	10.1
PLMS index	0	0	10.9
% PLMS associated with MA	—	—	21.6
AHI	0	0	1.5

SWS: Slow Wave Sleep; REM: Rapid Eye Movements; MA: Microarousals; PLMS: Periodic Leg Movements during sleep; PLMW: Periodic Leg Movements during wakefulness; AHI: Apnea-Hypopnea Index.