Neurobiology of Depression and Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease

Table 1

Depression and anxiety in pre-motor phase of PD.

Syndrome	Reference	Prevalence	Notes
Depression	Schuurman et al. (2002) [13]	Hazard ratio 3.13	The relative risk of depressed individuals developing PD
	Alonso et al. (2009) [14]	Rate ratio 1.85	The ratio of PD who initiates antidepressant therapy compared with noninitiators
Anxiety	Shiba et al. (2000) [10]	Odds ratio 2.2	The frequency of preceding anxiety in PD compared with control subjects
	Weisskopf et al. (2003) [11]	Relative risk 1.6	Risk of PD relative to use of anxiolytic medication
	Bower et al. (2010) [12]	Hazard ratio 1.63	The relative risk of anxious personality developing PD
Depression and anxiety	Jacob et al. (2010) [15]	Odds ratio 1.42	The frequency of receiving a diagnosis of depression or anxiety prior to PD