Drosophila Models of Parkinson's Disease: Discovering Relevant Pathways and Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Table 2

Potentially therapeutic compounds able to modify different phenotypes in the Drosophila PD models.

Pathway/process	Compound treatment*	Drosophila model	Modified phenotype/s	References
Oxidative stress	Sulforaphane and allyl disulfide	parkin	DA neuron number	[39]
		α-synuclein	DA neuron number	[39]
	S-methyl-L-cysteine	α-synuclein	Locomotor activity	[38]
	Polyphenols	α-synuclein	Lifespan, locomotor activity	[135]
		Paraquat and iron	Locomotor activity	[136]
	α-tocopherol	DJ-1β	Lifespan	[54]
		PINK1	Ommatidial degeneration	[72]
	SOD	PINK1	Ommatidial degeneration	[72]
	Melatonin	DJ-1β	Lifespan	[54]
		Paraquat	Locomotor activity	[27]
		Rotenone	Locomotor activity, DA neuron number	[27]
	Bacopa monieri leaf extract	Paraquat	Oxidative markers levels	[137]
Oxidative stress/inflammatory process	Minocycline	DJ-1α	DA neuron number, dopamine levels	[138]
	Celastrol	DJ-1α	DA neuron number, dopamine levels, locomotor activity, and survival rate under oxidative stress conditions	[138]
TOR signaling	Rapamycin	parkin/PINK1	Thoracic indentations, locomotor activity, DA neuron number, and muscle integrity	[82]
Removal of excess or toxic protein forms	Geldanamycin	α-synuclein	DA neuron number	[35, 134]
Zinc homeostasis	Zinc chloride	parkin	Lifespan, locomotor activity, and percentage of adulthood survivors	[139]

*All treatments were administered as dietary complement.