Impulse Control Disorders Following Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Aspects
Table 4
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with Parkinson’s disease with development/ resolution of impulse control disorders after deep brain stimulation.
Study
Pt no
Age/Gender
Time to DBS after PD diagnosis
ICD pre-op
ICD post-op
Other psychiatric condition post-op
Psychiatric history
LEDD pre-op
LEDD post-op
Romito et al.
1
52/m
11 years
None
HS CS
MS
DE
900 mg
0
Romito et al.
2
42/m
15 years
None
HS
MS
None
1800 mg
0
Doshi Bhargava
3
70/m
n/a
None
HS
None
DE, PS
1100 mg
450 mg
Doshi Bhargava
4
58/f
n/a
None
HS
None
None
1200 mg
700 mg
Smeding et al.
5
63/m
10 years
None
PG
DE
AA
880 mg
560 mg
Roane et al. x
6
57/m
20 years
None
HS
AX, DDS
None
825 mg
1000 mg
Sensi et al.
7
64/m
8 years
None
KM
AG
None
1000 mg
300 mg
Witjas et al.
8
38/m
8 years
HS & DDS
None
None
AA, AG, HM
2500 mg
0
Witjas et al.
9
52/m
5 years
HS & DDS
None
None
PS, AG
1450 mg
300 mg
Bandini et al.
10
43/m
4 years
PG
None
None
None
1220 mg
0
Bandini et al.
11
51/m
5 years
PG & DDS
None
None
None
1500 mg
200 mg
Ardouin et al.*
12–18
Age: n/a m (), f ()
n/a
PG (), DDS ()
None
DE ()
AA (), OCD ()
1395 ± 342 mg
368 ± 204 mg
Lim et al.
19
65/m
5 years
None
DDS, PG
PS
48% of patients: depression; 24 % of patients: alcohol abuse;14% illicit drug abuse, 5% psychosis
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.+
20
47/m
4 years
HS
DDS, PU, HS, CS, BE
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
21
57/m
14 years
DDS, PG
DDS, PU, HS, PG
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
22
55/m
10
DDS
DDS, PU, HS, BE
None
Lim et al.
23
56/f
13 years
DDS, PU, PG
DDS, PU, PG
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
24
45/m
8 years
DDS, PU
DDS, PU
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
25
46/m
9 years
DDS, PU, HS, CS
DDS, PU, HS, CS
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
26
66/m
12 years
DDS, PU
DDS, PU
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
27
55/m
9 years
DDS, PG, HS
DDS, HS
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
28
68/m
10 years
DDS, PU
DDS, PU
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
29
56/m
6 years
DDS, PU
DDS, PU
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
30
60/m
12 years
DDS, PU
DDS, PU
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
31
52/m
9 years
DDS, HS
DDS, PU, HS
PS
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
32
64/m
9 years
DDS, HS
DDS, PU, HS
PS
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
33
52/f
13 years
DDS, PU, HS, CS
None
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
34
29/m
10 years
DDS, HS
None
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
35
63/f
9 years
DDS, PU, PG, CS
None
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
36
61/f
24 years
DDS, PU
PU (i)
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
37
52/m
24 years
DDS, PU, HS, CS
PU (i)
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
38
56/m
14 years
None
PG
None
n/a
n/a
Lim et al.
39
64/m
10 years
PG
None
None
n/a
n/a
Study did not provide information for individual patients; ( )= number of patients. +Study did not provide information regarding patient’s medications, or psychiatric history. xPatient no. 6 underwent DBS targeting the Globus Pallidus – Pars Interna. Abbreviations. Pt no: patient number; LEDD: levodopa equivalent daily dose; HS: hypersexuality; PG: pathological gambling; KM: kleptomania; DDS: dopamine dysregulation syndrome; CS: compulsive shopping; BE: binge eating; PU: punding; AX: anxiety; PS: psychosis; AG: agitation; MS: manic syndrome; HM: hypomania; DE: depression; AA: alcohol abuse; OCD: obsessive compulsive disorder; (i): improved.
