Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: Is Unattended Portable Monitoring a Suitable Tool?
Table 1
Patient baseline characteristics.
PD patients with successful PM recording ()
PD patients with PM recording failure ()
PD patients who declined PM ()
Controls ()
Clinical data
Sex (% male)
71.4
55.6
57.1
71.4
Age (years)
64.6 (11.0)
65.8 (11.2)
66.4 (8.2)
64.9 (10.4)
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)
27.9 (3.7)
24.1 (3.2)
28.3 (4.0)
—
Hoehn and Yahr
2.0 (0.9) (Range: 1.0 to 4.0)
1.9 (1.0) (Range: 1.0 to 4.0)
2.4 (0.4) (Range: 2.0 to 3.0)
—
Total UPDRS
52.5 (25.2)
46.2 (24.0)
45.7 (14.3)
—
Motor UPDRS
25.0 (14.1)
19.3 (13.2)
20.6 (8.7)
—
PD duration (years)
5.3 (5.2)
5.6 (2.7)
6.9 (5.9)
—
MOCA score
25.4 (3.7) (Range: 18 to 30)
24.9 (3.1) (Range: 20 to 29)
25.0 (2.9) (Range: 22 to 30)
—
Levodopa equivalence dose (mg/day)
701.2 (902.3)
804.9 (522.1)
609.1 (210.0)
—
Proportion (%) on negative chronotropic medication°
17.8
22.2
14.3
—
Proportion (%) with dysautonomia
42.9
66.7
42.9
—
FVC (L)
4.0 (1.0)
3.6 (1.0)
3.2 (0.9)
—
FVC % pred.
109 (26.2)
102.6 (11.6)
99.3 (10.5)
—
FEV1 (L)
3.0 (0.8)
2.7 (0.7)
2.3 (0.7)
—
FEV1 % pred.
103 (25.7)
95.9 (11.3)
87.0 (17.0)
—
°Negative chronotropes include either beta-blockers or calcium channels blockers. The dysautonomia score is based on a question from the first part of the UPDRS (see Section 2), regarding light-headedness on standing. Patients with reported dysautonomia have slight to severe symptoms, whereas patients with no reported dysautonomia have no symptoms of light-headedness. PM: portable monitoring. PD = Parkinson’s disease. UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. PD duration: number of years since PD diagnosis. MOCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment. FVC: forced vital capacity. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second.
