Structural Neuroimaging Markers of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson’s Disease

Figure 1

Cortical regions discussed in the present review. Cluster nr 1: supramarginal gyrus; 2: superior temporal gyrus; 3: middle temporal gyrus; 4: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC); 5: ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC); 6: presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA); 7: supplementary motor area (SMA); 8: parahippocampal gyrus; 9: lingual area. Regions were drawn on the fsaverage subject in FreeSurfer 5.3 based on the Desikan atlas [82]. An inflated right hemisphere is presented (a) and the version outlining the gyri and sulci (b). SMA and pre-SMA were drawn based on the Brodmann atlas in FreeSurfer. The DLPFC region was drawn over Brodmann areas 9 and 46 [83] with the dorsal and ventral borders at the bottom of the superior and inferior frontal sulci, rostral border at the anterior termination of the olfactory sulcus [84], and the caudal border at the limit of Brodmann areas 8 and 9 [83]. Image created with GIMP Image Manipulation Program 2.8.16.

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