N-Acetylcysteine in Combination with IGF-1 Enhances Neuroprotection against Proteasome Dysfunction-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells

Figure 7

Schematic representation of molecular mechanisms of the proteasome inhibition induced cytotoxicity and its protection by NAC and IGF-1. Green lines represent cell survival pathways and red lines represent cell apoptotic and cell death pathways. Inhibition of proteasome by MG132 increases the aggregation of damaged and misfolded proteins. The accumulation of misfolded protein in the cytosol activates downstream ROS accumulation, ER stress, and cell death. Neuroprotective effect against MG132 of NAC and IGF-1 involves involvement of multiple protective pathways.