Oxidized DJ-1 Levels in Urine Samples as a Putative Biomarker for Parkinson’s Disease

Table 1

Summary of clinical studied examining DJ-1 and OxiDJ-1 as possible biomarkers.

Material	Method	Outcome feature	Reference
CSF	WB^a	DJ-1 levels were significantly higher in PD.	[15]
Plasma	WB	DJ-1 levels in PD were higher than those in controls.	[16]
Serum	ELISA^b	DJ-1 shows similar levels in PD and in controls.	[17]
RBC	ELISA	OxiDJ-1 levels in unmedicated PD were higher than medicated PD or healthy control.	[13]
CSF	Luminex assay	DJ-1 levels were higher in PD than in control or AD.	[18]
Plasma	Luminex assay	DJ-1 was not a suitable biomarker of PD.	[19]
Saliva	Luminex assay	DJ-1 concentration was higher in PD.	[20]
CSF	Luminex assay	DJ-1 levels in PD were lower than in controls.	[20]
Whole blood	2D-PAGE, WB	DJ-1 levels were changed in the late stage of PD.	[21]
CSF	ELISA	DJ-1 levels did not change among Parkinsonian syndromes.	[22]
CSF	Luminex assay	There was no correlation between DJ-1 and striatal dopaminergic function.	[23]
Urine	WB	DJ-1 levels in PD males were significantly higher than those in controls.	[24]
Saliva	WB	DJ-1 was increased in PD and correlated with UPDRS score.	[25]
Urine	ELISA	OxiDJ-1 levels were higher in PD.	This study

^aWestern blot analysis; ^benzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.