Health-Related Quality of Life Subdomains in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: The Role of Gender

Table 2

Results of the multiple regression analyses: basic models.

	Predictor	B	SE	t		R^2
Global health-related quality of life ()	Intercept	10.99	3.35	3.28	<0.001
	Gender: male^b	−1.10	1.20	−0.92	0.361	0.00
	Age^a	−0.00	0.07	−0.00	0.995	0.00
	Disease duration	0.05	0.14	0.35	0.726	0.02
	PANDA^a	−0.26	0.17	−1.58	0.116	0.01
	BDI-II	0.93	0.09	10.44	<0.001	0.28
	NMSS^a	0.09	0.02	4.04	<0.001	0.16
	UPDRS-III^a	0.22	0.09	2.29	0.023	0.05
	H&Y	1.72	1.24	1.39	0.167	0.07
	LEDD^a	0.01	0.00	2.81	0.005	0.05
		F(9,232) = 48.02,			Multiple R^2	0.65
					Adjusted R^2	0.64
Physical-functioning health-related quality of life ()	Intercept	16.99	4.95	3.43	<0.001	0.01
	Gender: male^b	−4.67	1.79	−2.61	0.010	0.01
	Age^a	0.03	0.10	0.26	0.798	0.01
	Disease duration	−0.04	0.22	−0.17	0.868	0.03
	PANDA^a	−0.09	0.25	−0.38	0.706	0.01
	BDI-II	0.81	0.13	6.23	<0.001	0.15
	NMSS^a	0.13	0.03	3.90	<0.001	0.13
	UPDRS-III^a	0.56	0.14	3.98	<0.001	0.10
	H&Y	3.02	1.84	1.64	0.101	0.10
	LEDD^a	0.01	0.00	3.19	0.002	0.06
		F(9,231) = 37.80,			Multiple R^2	0.60
					Adjusted R^2	0.58
Cognition health-related quality of life ()	Intercept	0.99	4.63	0.21	0.831
	Gender: Male^b	6.97	1.66	4.21	<0.001	0.03
	Age^a	0.14	0.09	1.52	0.131	0.01
	Disease duration	0.16	0.20	0.82	0.416	0.01
	PANDA^a	−0.55	0.23	−2.40	0.017	0.02
	BDI-II	1.16	0.13	9.07	<0.001	0.26
	NMSS^a	0.09	0.03	2.86	0.005	0.13
	UPDRS-III^a	−0.13	0.13	−1.00	0.318	0.02
	H&Y	2.80	1.70	1.65	0.100	0.04
	LEDD^a	0.00	0.00	0.75	0.453	0.02
		F(9,230) = 53.68,			Multiple R^2	0.55
					Adjusted R^2	0.53
Socioemotional health-related quality of life ()	Intercept	9.56	4.18	2.29	0.023
	Gender: Male^b	−3.36	1.51	−2.23	0.027	0.01
	Age^a	−0.17	0.09	−1.94	0.053	0.01
	Disease duration	0.12	0.17	0.66	0.510	0.01
	PANDA^a	−0.25	0.21	−1.23	0.220	0.01
	BDI-II	1.13	0.11	10.14	<0.001	0.32
	NMSS^a	0.02	0.03	0.72	0.471	0.07
	UPDRS-III^a	0.20	0.12	1.73	0.085	0.02
	H&Y	−0.43	1.53	−0.28	0.779	0.02
	LEDD^a	0.00	0.00	0.83	0.407	0.01
		F(9,231) = 22.58,			Multiple R^2	0.47
					Adjusted R^2	0.45

Note. Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 39 (PDQ-39) total score and the PDQ-39 component scores physical-functioning, cognition, and socioemotional HrQoL (as revealed by the principal component analysis) were used as dependent variables. BDI-II = Beck’s Depression Inventory II; H&Y = Hoehn and Yahr stage; LEDD = levodopa equivalent daily dose; NMSS = Nonmotor Symptom Scale; PANDA = Parkinson Neuropsychometric Dementia Assessment; UPDRS-III = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III. ^aVariable was mean-centered; ^bgender was dummy coded with female gender as the baseline group; ;;.