Dietary Variations in a Multiethnic Parkinson’s Disease Cohort and Possible Influences on Nonmotor Aspects: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study

Table 2

Dietary habits including specific diets between the three different ethnic groups.

	White ()		Asian ()		BAC ()		value
		%		%		%
No dietary restriction	50	75.8	20	58.8	23	59.0	0.108
Calorie restricted	4	6.1	0	0	6	15.4	0.034
Ketogenic	0	0	1	2.9	0	0	0.245
Paleo	1	1.5	0	0	5	12.8	0.014
Low carbohydrate	1	1.5	1	2.9	2	5.1	0.689
Low fat	5	7.6	2	5.9	10	25.6	0.018
Low protein	0	0	0	0	1	2.6	0.525
Vegan	0	0	1	2.9	1	2.6	0.274
Vegetarian	3	4.5	9	26.5	1	2.6	0.001^,A,B
Low salt	4	6.1	3	8.8	8	20.5	0.072
Low sugar	6	9.1	4	11.8	11	28.2	0.025
Other diets	4	6.1	4	11.8	1	2.6	0.318

Abbreviations: = number; BAC = Black African and Caribbean. Fisher’s exact test was used to test differences between the three different ethnic groups. These remain statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons (). Post hoc analysis between the different pairs of ethnicities: multiple comparisons were corrected with the Bonferroni method; significant differences are highlighted as A for Asian versus White and B for Asian versus Black African and Caribbean.