Increased Cortical Thickness in Attentional Networks in Parkinson’s Disease with Minor Hallucinations
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
HC (N = 30)
PDnH (N = 30)
PDMH (N = 30)
value
Post hoc
Demographics
Age (years)
63.2
(9.5)
62.7
(8.1)
63.7
(9.7)
0.919
Male, n (%)
19
(63)
19
(63)
19
(63)
Education (years)
16.0
(2.9)
15.1
(3.1)
15.6
(2.9)
0.505
Clinical
Years since diagnosis
—
—
1.7
(1.1)
2.3
(1.4)
0.094
MDS-UPDRS Part III
—
—
21.0
(10)
25.7
(11.3)
0.097
Hoehn and Yahr, median (range)
—
—
2
(1–3)
2
(1–3)
0.347
Dyskinesia present, n (%)
—
—
1
(3)
0
(0)
0.313
REM sleep behaviour disorder, n (%)
—
—
9
(30)
15
(50)
0.114
Medication for PD, n (%)
—
—
12
(41)
17
(57)
0.240
Levodopa, n (%)
—
—
7
(23)
12
(40)
0.165
DA agonist, n (%)
—
—
2
(7)
6
(20)
0.129
Other, n (%)
—
—
4
(13)
7
(23)
0.317
LEDD (mg)
—
—
370.2
(225.5)
410.9
(273.9)
0.675
Antipsychotic medication (quetiapine), n (%)
—
—
0
(0)
1a
(3)
0.313
Duration of hallucinations (years)
—
—
—
—
1.23
(0.66)
—
Cognition
Cognitive state (intact: MCI)
30 : 0
20 : 10
20 : 10
—
MoCA
28.1
(1.8)
26.5
(2.3)
25.7
(2.5)
<0.001
HC > PDnVH and PDMH
Notes: demographic, clinical, and cognitive characteristics of our sample. Mean and standard deviation (parentheses) except where otherwise noted. ANOVAs were conducted for each measure and, if significant (), group differences were ascertained through post hoc testing. DA = dopamine; LEDD = levodopa equivalent daily dosage; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment. aQuetiapine 25 mg initiated 6 years prior to the scan date to treat anxiety.
