Effects of Vestibular Rehabilitation on Fatigue and Activities of Daily Living in People with Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Study
Table 2
Fatigue and functional independence in daily activities before and after the interventions (at the end of 24th session).
Variable
Case group (n = 12)
Control group (n = 12)
Effect size (r)
Effect size (d)
MFIS
Before intervention
48.41 (3.44)
46.75 (2.37)
0.85
3.25
After intervention
32.33 (7.60)
46.16 (2.69)
Changes
16.08 (6.65)
0.58 (1.08)
95% CI
11.85 to 20.31
−0.10 to 1.27
<0.001
0.089
PFS
Before intervention
55.66 (7.22)
54.16 (7.98)
0.79
2.63
After intervention
43.08 (7.84)
52.58 (6.47)
Changes
12.58 (5.16)
1.58 (2.87)
95% CI
9.30 to 15.86
−0.24 to 3.40
<0.001
0.083
FIM cognitive outcome
Before intervention
32.58 (2.42)
31.16 (2.97)
0.33
1.62
After intervention
33.50 (2.27)
31.25 (2.95)
Changes
0.91 (1.62)
0.08 (0.28)
95% CI
−1.94 to 0.11
−0.26 to 0.10
0.076
0.339
FIM motor outcome
Before intervention
81.50 (5.71)
79.75 (6.09)
0.77
2.42
After intervention
88.91 (2.96)
31.25 (2.95)
Changes
7.41 (3.84)
0.58 (1.08)
95% CI
−9.86 to −4.97
−1.27 to 0.10
<0.001
0.089
FIM total score
Before intervention
113.33 (6.82)
110.83 (7.48)
0.81
2.84
After intervention
122.41 (4.79)
111.58 (8.16)
Changes
9.08 (3.96)
0.75 (1.21)
95% CI
−11.60 to −6.56
−1.52 to 0.02
<0.001
0.056
Mean and standard deviation scales before and after the intervention; the mean and standard deviation of changes; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. : level of significance before and after the intervention for both groups. Effect size (r): numeric difference in change of outcome measure among groups. Effect size index (d): Cohen d standard effect size index.
