Off Time Independently Affects Quality of Life in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease (APD) Patients but Not in Non-APD Patients: Results from the Self-Reported Japanese Quality-of-Life Survey of Parkinson’s Disease (JAQPAD) Study

Table 4

Multiple regression analysis for PDQ-8 SI in patients with non-APD.

	Univariate model			Multivariate initial model			Multivariate final model backward elimination
	CE	95% CI	value	CE	95% CI	value	CE	Standardized CE	95% CI	value
Duration of off time	4.96	2.480, 7.440	<0.0001	0.928	−1.544, 3.400	0.4614	0.352	0.01	−1.973, 2.676	0.7665
Age	0.447	0.277, 0.617	<0.0001	0.152	−0.017, 0.321	0.077	0.159	0.066	−0.004, 0.321	0.0552
Sex (ref: female)	2.608	0.035, 5.180	0.047	0.229	−2.127, 2.585	0.8486
Duration of PD	0.966	0.753, 1.179	<0.0001	0.393	0.175, 0.610	0.0004	0.376	0.12	0.170, 0.582	0.0004
Work status (ref: unemployed)	−7.753	−11.846, −3.661	0.0002	−4.849	−8.749, −0.949	0.0149	−4.822	−0.084	−8.616, −1.028	0.0128
Number of PD medication types	1.645	1.073, 2.217	<0.0001	−0.196	−0.790, 0.398	0.5168
NMSQ-TS	1.956	1.751, 2.161	<0.0001	1.863	1.634, 2.091	<0.0001	1.823	0.564	1.608, 2.039	<0.0001
WOQ-9 (ref: absence)	2.934	0.328, 5.540	0.0274	−1.326	−3.883, 1.231	0.309

APD: advanced Parkinson’s disease; CE: coefficient estimate; CI: confidence interval; NMSQ-TS: Nonmotor Symptoms Questionnaire Total Score; PD: Parkinson’s disease; PDQ-8 SI: 8-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire Summary Index; ref: reference; WOQ-9: 9-item Wearing-Off Questionnaire.