Off Time Independently Affects Quality of Life in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease (APD) Patients but Not in Non-APD Patients: Results from the Self-Reported Japanese Quality-of-Life Survey of Parkinson’s Disease (JAQPAD) Study

Table 5

Multiple regression analysis for PDQ-8 SI in patients with APD.

	Univariate model			Multivariate initial model			Multivariate final model backward elimination
	CE	95% CI	value	CE	95% CI	value	CE	Standardized CE	95% CI	value
Duration of off time	1.136	0.680, 1.593	<0.0001	1.015	0.579, 1.452	<0.0001	1.106	0.13	0.678, 1.533	<0.0001
Age	0.233	0.091, 0.374	0.0013	0.114	−0.028, 0.256	0.1141	0.154	0.06	0.023, 0.286	0.0212
Sex (ref: female)	3.399	1.137, 5.661	0.0033	1.059	−1.092, 3.210	0.3342
Duration of PD	0.615	0.454, 0.777	<0.0001	0.389	0.219, 0.558	<0.0001	0.369	0.119	0.211, 0.527	<0.0001
Work status (ref: unemployed)	−4.746	−8.936, −0.556	0.0264	−1.481	−5.404, 2.442	0.4588
Number of PD medication types	1.183	0.750, 1.615	<0.0001	0.071	−0.374, 0.517	0.7531
NMSQ-TS	2.155	1.972, 2.339	<0.0001	2.028	1.834, 2.222	<0.0001	2.047	0.557	1.860, 2.235	<0.0001
WOQ-9 (ref: absence)	−2.095	−4.893, 0.703	0.1422	−1.718	−4.422, 0.985	0.2126

APD: advanced Parkinson’s disease; CE: coefficient estimate; CI: confidence interval; NMSQ-TS: Nonmotor Symptoms Questionnaire Total Score; PD: Parkinson’s disease; PDQ-8 SI: 8-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire Summary Index; ref: reference; WOQ-9: 9-item Wearing-Off Questionnaire.