GuitarPD: A Randomized Pilot Study on the Impact of Nontraditional Guitar Instruction on Functional Movement and Well-Being in Parkinson’s Disease

Table 4

Stratified analysis by intervention groups-effect of intervention immediately after intervention (X_pi), 6 weeks postintervention (X_6wpi), and 12 weeks postintervention (X_12wpi; Group 1 only).

Outcomes	Time point	Early intervention exposure group-Group 1 (n = 13)					Delayed intervention exposure group-Group 2 (n = 13)
		Mean (SD)	Coefficient	95% CI	Uncorrected -value	Corrected -value	Mean (SD)	Coefficient	95% CI	Uncorrected -value	Corrected -value
MDS-UPDRS motor total	Postintervention (Xpi)	29.8 (11.3)	−8.04	−12.4, −3.7	<0.001	0.004	27.4 (15.0)	5.06	0.74, 9.38	0.02	0.09
	X6wpi	27.5 (16.2)	−10.37	−14.7, −6.0	<0.001	<0.001	25.7 (11.0)	3.31	−1.01, 7.63	0.13	0.24
	X12wpi	33.8 (12.5)	−4.04	−8.4, 0.3	0.07	0.16
Typing accuracy, dominant hand	Postintervention (Xpi)	144.8 (72.1)	3.05	−14.2, 20.3	0.73	0.80	123.8 (54.0)	10.97	−4.30, 26.25	0.16	0.29
	X6wpi	151.8 (74.4)	10.05	−7.2, 27.3	0.25	0.40	125.1 (64.9)	12.31	−2.97, 27.58	0.11	0.22
	X12wpi	144.4 (78.3)	2.63	−14.6, 19.8	0.76	0.82
Typing accuracy, nondominant hand	Postintervention (Xpi)	115.0 (53.8)	2.11	−12.94, 17.15	0.78	0.83	106.6 (42.2)	−1.93	−12.78, 8.92	0.73	0.80
	X6wpi	131.8 (63.7)	18.86	3.8, 33.9	0.01	0.06	111.0 (51.5)	2.49	−8.36, 13.34	0.65	0.77
	X12wpi	121.6 (49.4)	8.69	−6.35, 23.83	0.26	0.40
PDQ-39 total score	Postintervention (Xpi)	34.7 (14.7)	−6.21	−12.0, −0.5	0.03	0.12	24.2 (18.4)	−3.72	−9.35, 1.90	0.19	0.32
	X6wpi	36.3 (14.7)	−4.63	−10.4, 1.1	0.12	0.22	26.0 (21.4)	−1.89	−7.51, 3.73	0.51	0.64
	X12wpi	34.7 (18.1)	−6.17	−11.9, −0.4	0.04	0.12
Beck depression inventory–II total score	Postintervention (Xpi)	9.2 (6.6)	−4.50	−6.6, −2.4	<0.001	0.001	8.8 (5.3)	−1.08	−4.13, 1.97	0.49	0.63
	X6wpi	9.8 (3.0)	−3.83	−5.9, −1.7	<0.001	0.004	9.8 (7.6)	0.01	−3.04, 3.06	0.10	0.10
	X12wpi	9.9 (5.1)	−3.75	−5.8, −1.7	<0.001	0.004
Apathy evaluation scale total score	Postintervention (Xpi)	52.7 (6.1)	0.98	−1.3, 3.3	0.40	0.53	56.8 (8.4)	2.53	0.63, 4.43	0.009	0.05
	X6wpi	54.3 (4.6)	2.65	0.3, 5.0	0.03	0.10	56.3 (9.9)	2.12	0.22, 4.02	0.029	0.11
	X12wpi	53.3 (5.0)	1.57	−0.7, 3.9	0.18	0.32
NeuroQoL depression raw score	Postintervention (Xpi)	11.1 (2.5)	−2.64	−4.4, −0.9	0.003	0.02	11.3 (4.2)	−0.90	−2.71, 0.91	0.33	0.47
	X6wpi	10.4 (1.9)	−3.31	−5.0, −1.6	<0.001	0.004	12.8 (6.1)	0.52	−1.29, 2.33	0.58	0.70
	X12wpi	10.6 (1.9)	−3.14	−4.9, −1.4	<0.001	0.004
NeuroQoL anxiety raw score	Postintervention (Xpi)	12.3 (2.5)	−4.42	−6.8, −2.1	<0.001	0.004	16.1 (6.0)	0.40	−1.89, 2.68	0.74	0.80
	X6wpi	14.4 (3.7)	−2.33	−4.7, 0.0	0.05	0.13	16.8 (7.6)	1.15	−1.14, 3.43	0.33	0.50
	X12wpi	13.2 (4.1)	−3.58	−5.9, −1.2	0.003	0.02

¹ values are adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Simes method. . . .