Test-Retest Reliability and Physiological Responses Associated with the Steep Ramp Anaerobic Test in Patients with COPD

Table 2

End-exercise measures for cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), steep ramp test (SR), and Wingate anaerobic test (WAT) presented with means and standard deviations.

End-exercise measures		Tests
	CPET	SRAT	WAT
PWR (CPET & SR) Wavg (WAT)	65.9±35.9	156.8±67.9^*†	231.2±113.4 *
𝑉O2 (L/min)	1.11±0.46	1.07±0.41	0.99±0.45
𝑉CO2 (L/min)	1.13±0.52	0.97±0.40	0.90±0.42 *
𝑉𝐸 (L/min)	40.436±13.33	38.94±13.01	39.73±14.73
RER	1.00±0.13	0.90±0.07 *	0.89±0.08 *
𝑉𝑇 (L)	1.19±0.31	1.12±0.24	1.09±0.33
𝑉𝑇/IC (%)	76.5±13.0	70.1±12.0 *	70.4±13.8
IC/TLC (%)	24.1±4.7	25.1±5.5	23.5±4.0
EELV/TLC (%)	75.9±4.7	74.9±5.5	76.5±4.0
EILV/TLC (%)	94.0±4.7	92.0±5.1	92.9±4.2
IRV/TLC (%)	6.0±4.7	8.0±5.1	7.1±4.2
RR (breaths per minute)	34 ± 6	35 ± 8	37 ± 8
SpO2 (%)	91.5±3.0	92.3±1.5	93.3±3.9
HR (beats per minute)	111.9±20.9	109.8±19.7	116.9±22.0
HR (%pred)	75.3±14.7	73.7±13.0	78.5±14.5
Dyspnea	5.6±1.8	5.5±2.1^†	6.8±2.3
Leg Fatigue	5.7±1.7	5.6±1.8	6.2±1.9

Mean ± standard deviation. *: 𝑃<0.05. ^†indicates significance from WAT. PWR: peak work rate, 𝑉_O2: oxygen consumption, 𝑉_CO2: carbon dioxide elimination, 𝑉_𝐸: minute ventilation, RER: respiratory exchange ratio, 𝑉_𝑇: tidal volume, IC: inspiratory capacity, TLC: total lung capacity, EELV: end expiratory lung volume, EILV: end inspiratory lung volume, IRV: inspiratory reserve volume, RR: respiratory rate, SpO₂: oxygen saturation, HR: heart rate.