Pulmonary Medicine

Review Article

Practical Guidelines: Lung Transplantation in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Table 5

Timetable of infections following LTX.
1st month2nd–6th month>6 months
Nosocomial infections*  
 Respiratory tract infections
 Surgical site infections
 Urinary tract infections
 Catheter infection, sepsis		Reactivation of latent infections + opportunistic infectionsCommunity-acquired infections/pneumonia
Related more to surgery and intensive careRelated more to immunosuppression
CF lung pathogens:  
 Pseudomonas spp.
 Burkholderia cepacia complex
 B. gladioli; NTM
  
Other bacteria:  
 S. aureus  
 Enterobacteriaceae  
 Enterococci
 Acinetobacter spp.
  
Fungi:  
 Candida spp.
 (Aspergillus spp.)
  
Viruses:  
 Herpes simplex virus
 Respiratory viruses		Viruses:  
 Cytomegalovirus
 Epstein-Barr virus
 Herpes simplex virus
 Varicella Zoster virus
  
Opportunists:  
 P. jirovecii  
 Toxoplasmosis
 Aspergillus spp.
 Nocardia
 Listeria
 Mycobacteria
 (especially NTM)
  
CF-lung pathogens:  
 Pseudomonas spp.
 Burkholderia spp.		Viruses:  
 Epstein-Barr virus
 Respiratory viruses
  
  
Respiratory bacteria:  
  S. pneumonia  
 H.influenzae  
 C. pneumoniae  
 M. pneumoniae  
 and others
    
CF lung pathogens:  
 Pseudomonas spp.
 Burkholderia spp.
  
Fungi:  
 Aspergillus spp.
C. difficile infection**Late-onset C. difficile infection
May occur also in later periods after LTX depending on prolonged or recurrent hospitalisation and the presence of medical devices.
**Highest incidence within the first 3 up to 12 months after LTX in association with broad antimicrobial therapy and intense immunosuppression.