Clinical and Radiological Presentations of Various Pulmonary Infections in Hospitalized Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Prospective, Hospital-Based, Comparative, Case Series Study
Table 4
Clinical profile of pulmonary infections in diabetics and nondiabetics.
Variable
Diabetics ()
Nondiabetics ()
value
Symptoms
Fever, (%)
28 (63.6%)
47 (88.7%)
0.0032
Cough, (%)
32 (72.7%)
44 (83.0%)
0.22
Expectoration, (%)
21 (47.7%)
26 (49.1%)
0.90
Chest pain, (%)
5 (11.4%)
24 (45.3%)
0.0002
Hemoptysis, (%)
9 (20.5%)
24 (45.3%)
0.01
Dyspnea, (%)
26 (59.1%)
31 (58.5%)
0.88
Conscious
36 (81.8%)
50 (94.4%)
0.053
Unconscious
8 (18.2%)
3 (5.7%)
Associated comorbidities
Heart failure, (%)
3 (6.8%)
0 (0%)
0.021
Renal failure, (%)
7 (15.9%)
1 (1.9%)
Chronic liver disease, (%)
0 (0%)
1 (1.9%)
None, (%)
37 (84.1%)
51 (96.2%)
Systolic blood pressure, (%)
≤90 mmHg
6 (13.6%)
2 (3.8%)
0.08
>90 mmHg
38 (686.4%)
51 (96.2%)
Pulse rate, (%)
≥100/min
19 (43.2%)
25 (47.2%)
0.69
<100/min
25 (56.8%)
28 (52.8%)
Respiratory rate, (%)
≥30/min
19 (43.2%)
21 (39.6%)
0.72
<30/min
25 (56.8%)
32 (60.4%)
Temperature, (%)
<95°F
7 (15.9%)
1 (1.9%)
0.022
94–104°F
36 (81.8%)
52 (98.1%)
>104°F
1 (2.3%)
0 (0%)
TLC, (%)
≥12,000 per cmm
20 (45.5%)
34 (64.2%)
0.064
<12,000 per cmm
24 (54.5%)
19 (35.8%)
Serum sodium, (%)
<130 mEq/dL
13 (29.5%)
7 (13.2%)
0.047
≥130 mEq/dL
31 (70.5%)
46 (86.8%)
Blood urea, (%)
≥60 mg/dL
8 (18.2%)
5 (9.4%)
0.2
<60 mg/dL
36 (81.8%)
48 (90.6%)
Arterial pH, (%)
<7.35
20 (45.5%)
17 (32.1%)
0.18
>7.35
24 (54.5%)
36 (67.9%)
pO2
<60 mmHg
25 (56.8%)
51 (96.2%)
<0.001
≤60 mmHg
19 (43.2%)
2 (3.8%)
PORT risk score ()
<0.001
Tubercular, (%)
15 (34.1%)
21 (39.6%)
0.57
Nontubercular, (%)
29 (65.9%)
32 (60.4%)
Sputum microscopy, (%)
AFB positive
9 (20.5%)
16 (30.2%)
0.50
AFB negative
6 (13.6%)
5 (9.4%)
Mantoux test, (%)
Positive
8 (18.2%)
10 (18.9%)
0.99
Negative
7 (15.9%)
10 (18.9%)
TLC: total leukocyte count; pO2: partial pressure of oxygen; AFB: acid-fast bacteria; PORT: pneumonia patient outcomes research team.
