Research Article

Microglia and Astrocyte Activation by Toll-Like Receptor Ligands: Modulation by PPAR- Agonists

Figure 5

The synthetic PPAR- agonist rosiglitazone selectively inhibits microglial TNF- expression in response to TLR ligands. Primary microglia were plated at cells/well in 96-well plates and incubated overnight. The following day, cells were pretreated for 1 hour with the indicated concentrations of rosiglitazone prior to the addition of TLR ligands. Cell-conditioned supernatants were collected at 24 hours following TLR ligand exposure, whereupon TNF- levels were determined by ELISA. Significant differences between microglia treated with TLR ligands alone versus TLR ligands + rosiglitazone are noted with asterisks . Results presented are representative of two independent experiments.
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