PPAR Gamma Activators: Off-Target Against Glioma Cell Migration and Brain Invasion

Figure 2

The PPARγ inactive Δ 2-troglitazone (Δ2-TRO) inhibits glioma cell migration. The glioma cell migration assay (Boyden chamber; QCM-FN Migration Assay, Chemicon, Temecula, Calif, USA) was performed as described recently [9]. Briefly, F98 rat glioma cells, pretreated with the test compound or solvent for 24 hours, were transferred into each Boyden chamber. After 24 hours of incubation, cells which migrated through the fibronectin-coated chamber membranes (8 micron pore diameter) were quantified according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Experiments were repeated 3 times (𝑛=3). (^** = 𝑃<.01; ^*** = 𝑃<.001; 𝑡-test). Right panel: representative microphotographs of F98 glioma cells which migrated though the fibronectin-coated chamber membranes after treatment with Δ2-TRO (20 𝜇M) or solvent only.