PPAR𝜶 Ligands as Antitumorigenic and Antiangiogenic Agents

Table 2

PPARα and tumorigenesis: lessons from the PPARα-null mice.

Ligand	Host	Challenge	Effect	Target	Reference
WY14643	PPARα-null mice		Resistant to the development of spontaneous hepatocarcinoma	Inability to downregulate the miRNA let-7C	[52]
WY14643 Fenofibrate	PPARα-humanized transgenic mouse		Resistant to the development of spontaneous hepatocarcinoma	Inability to downregulate the microRNA let-7C	[53, 54]
WY14643	PPARα-null mice	Injection of isogenic tumor cells	Resistant to the Wyeth-mediated antiangiogenic and antitumorigenic activities	Inability to downregulate arachidonate epoxygenase expression	[38]
DEHP	PPARα-null mice		Development of hepatocarcinoma	Increased PPARα-independent oxidative stress	[55]
WY14643 Fenofibrate	PPARα-null mice	Carotid arterial injury	Intimal hyperplasia	Inability to induce the expression of the tumor suppressor p16INK4a	[56]
	PPARα-null mice	Injection of isogenic tumor cells	Resistant to the development of primary and metastatic tumor growth	Increased recruitment of granulocyte responsible for thrombospondin production	[57]
	PPARα-null mice		Increased susceptibility to spontaneous adenomas and hepatocellular carcinomas	Not explored	[58]