Anticancer Properties of PPAR-Effects on Cellular Metabolism and Inflammation
Figure 3
PPARα antagonizes main inflammatory signaling pathways through
repression of the main inflammatory transcription factors: NFκB and AP-1.
Additionally, PPARα reduces ROS-mediated inflammation by upregulation of
uncoupling proteins UCP2 and UCP3. See the text for more detailed
explanation. Arrowheads represent activation/upregulation, and blunted lines
indicate inhibition/downregulation of the cellular proteins or processes.
AP-1—activating protein-1; Erk1/2—extracellular signal response kinase 1/2; IκB—inhibitor of NFκB; MAPK—mitogen activated protein kinase; NFκB—nuclear factor κB; ROS—reactive oxygen species.
