Review Article
Therapeutic Effects of PPARα on Neuronal Death and Microvascular Impairment
Table 1
Neuroprotective effects of PPARα and molecular mechanisms of action.
| Model | Physiological effects | Molecular mechanism(s) | Ref(s) |
| Cerebral ischemia | ↓ Neuron loss ↓ Infarct volume | Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory ↓ Amyloid cascade | [9, 19, 20] |
| Traumatic brain/spinal cord injury | ↓ Spinal cord trauma ↓ Neuronal apoptosis | Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory | [21–25] |
| Parkinson’s disease | ↓ Cognitive/locomotor defects ↓ Neuron loss | Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory | [8, 26, 27] |
| Diabetic peripheral neuropathy | Improved NCV ↓ Neuron loss ↓ Nontraumatic amputation | AMPK/PI3K Activation | [28, 29] |
| Diabetic/ischemic retinopathies | ↓ Neuronal apoptosis Improved ERG ↓ Glial activation | Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory | [12, 30] |
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