Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Induces the Expression of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-1 (TFPI-1) in Human Macrophages

Figure 2

Expression of TFPI-1 is enhanced by PPARγ activation in primary human macrophages. Differentiated macrophages were treated in the absence or in the presence of GW1929 (600 nM) and rosiglitazone (Rosi, 100 nM) for 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, or 24 h (a) or with increasing concentrations of Rosi (50 nM, 100 nM, and 1 μM) or GW1929 (300 nM, 600 nM, and 3 μM) for 24 h (b). Total RNA was extracted and TFPI-1 mRNA levels were measured by Q-PCR and normalized to those of cyclophilin. (c) Differentiated macrophages were treated with GW1929 (600 nM) for 24 h and 48 h and TFPI-1 protein expression analyzed by western blot. TFPI-1 bands intensity was measured and normalized to those of β-actin. (d) Differentiated macrophages were treated with GW1929 (600 nM) in the absence or in the presence of heparin (1 U/mL), as described above. Culture media were collected and TFPI-1 protein release measured by ELISA. Results are expressed as the mean value ± SD of triplicate determinations, representative of three independent experiments. Statistically significant differences are indicated (, , and ).

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