Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and PGC-1α in Cancer: Dual Actions as Tumor Promoter and Suppressor

Figure 2

Action mechanisms of PPARγ as a tumor suppressor. NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3-β; MUC1-C, mucin 1-C; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase; STAT5, signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 5; HIF-2α, hypoxia inducible factor-2α; IL-6, interleukin-6; PDK1, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1.