Apigenin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Autophagy via TGF-<i>β</i>1/Smad3 and p38/PPAR<i>α</i> Pathways

<div>Probable mechanisms of apigenin against liver fibrosis. Notes: apigenin inhibits the production of TGF-<i>β</i>1 in HSCs. The decrease of TGF-<i>β</i>1 results in the reduced activation of HSCs and downregulation of the TGF-<i>β</i>1/Smad3 and p38/PPAR<i>α</i> signaling pathway, including decreased ECM production and inhibition of autophagy. Abbreviations: BDL: bile duct ligation; CCl<sub>4</sub>: carbon tetrachloride; ECM: extracellular matrix; HSCs: hepatic stellate cells.</div>

PPAR Research

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Figure 6

Figure 6: Apigenin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Autophagy via TGF-<i>β</i>1/Smad3 and p38/PPAR<i>α</i> Pathways 

PPAR Research

Apigenin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Autophagy via TGF-β1/Smad3 and p38/PPARα Pathways

Figure 6