Luteolin Pretreatment Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation, Autophagy, and Apoptosis via the ERK/PPAR<i>α</i> Pathway

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Gene name</td><td class="align_center">Forward (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.6425pt" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 10.1586 11.6425" width="10.1586pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.24,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z"></path></g></svg>-</span><svg height="11.6425pt" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 10.1586 11.6425" width="10.1586pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M285 378C315 398 338 416 353 432C373 451 384 474 384 503C384 579 325 635 236 635H235C182 635 136 610 108 579L65 516L85 496C110 533 150 575 205 575C258 575 300 543 300 481C300 407 232 369 141 339L147 310C163 315 188 321 211 321C268 321 338 284 338 192C338 94 288 40 217 40C160 40 119 68 93 91C85 98 77 97 69 91C60 84 47 71 46 58C44 46 48 35 62 22C75 10 116 -12 162 -12C234 -12 424 62 424 224C424 297 373 359 285 376V378Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.24,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z"></path></g></svg>)</td><td class="align_center">Reverse (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.6425pt" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 10.1586 11.6425" width="10.1586pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.24,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z"></path></g></svg>-</span><svg height="11.6425pt" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 10.1586 11.6425" width="10.1586pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M285 378C315 398 338 416 353 432C373 451 384 474 384 503C384 579 325 635 236 635H235C182 635 136 610 108 579L65 516L85 496C110 533 150 575 205 575C258 575 300 543 300 481C300 407 232 369 141 339L147 310C163 315 188 321 211 321C268 321 338 284 338 192C338 94 288 40 217 40C160 40 119 68 93 91C85 98 77 97 69 91C60 84 47 71 46 58C44 46 48 35 62 22C75 10 116 -12 162 -12C234 -12 424 62 424 224C424 297 373 359 285 376V378Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.24,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z"></path></g></svg>)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>β</i>-Actin</td><td class="align_center">GTGACGTTGACATCCGTAAAGA</td><td class="align_center">GCCGGACTCATCGTACTCC</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">IL-6</td><td class="align_center">CTGCAAGAGACTTCCATCCAG</td><td class="align_center">AGTGGTATAGACAGGTCTGTTGG</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">IL-1<i>β</i></td><td class="align_center">GAAATGCCACCTTTTGACAGTG</td><td class="align_center">TGGATGCTCTCATCAGGACAG</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">TNF-<i>α</i></td><td class="align_center">CAGGCGGTGCCTATGTCTC</td><td class="align_center">CGATCACCCCGAAGTTCAGTAG</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Bax</td><td class="align_center">AGACAGGGGCCTTTTTGCTAC</td><td class="align_center">AATTCGCCGGAGACACTCG</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Caspase 9</td><td class="align_center">GGCTGTTAAACCCCTAGACCA</td><td class="align_center">TGACGGGTCCAGCTTCACTA</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">LC3</td><td class="align_center">GACCGCTGTAAGGAGGTGC</td><td class="align_center">AGAAGCCGAAGGTTTCTTGGG</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">P62</td><td class="align_center">GAGGCACCCCGAAACATGG</td><td class="align_center">ACTTATAGCGAGTTCCCACCA</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">PPAR<i>α</i></td><td class="align_center">AACATCGAGTGTCGAATATGTGG</td><td class="align_center">CCGAATAGTTCGCCGAAAGAA</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="3"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Oligonucleotide sequences of primers used for qRT-PCR.</div>

PPAR Research

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Luteolin Pretreatment Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation, Autophagy, and Apoptosis via the ERK/PPAR<i>α</i> Pathway 

Table 2 | Luteolin Pretreatment Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation, Autophagy, and Apoptosis via the ERK/PPARα Pathway 