Psychosocial and Somatosensory Factors in Women with Chronic Migraine and Painful Temporomandibular Disorders

Table 2

(a) Mean comparison (standard deviation) between groups for pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) with subscales and kinesiophobia. (b) Mean difference between groups for pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) with subscales and kinesiophobia.

(a)

Group	Pain catastrophizing	Rumination	Magnification	Helplessness	Kinesiophobia
Healthy	8.82 (9.9)	3.82 (4.3)	1.82 (2.3)	3.18 (3.5)	19.24 (5.1)
CM	25.88 (11.9)	10.44 (4.1)	3.63 (2.2)	11.81 (6.8)	23.11 (4.4)
TMD	24.13 (13.4)	9.25 (4.6)	4.5 (3.1)	10.38 (6.8)	23.69 (4.4)
values	.00	.00	.014	.00	.016

TMD: temporomandibular disorder; CM: chronic migraine.

(b)

Variable	Comparison groups	Mean difference	CI 95%
Pain catastrophizing	Healthy, CM; CM, TMD; TMD, healthy	−17.05; 1.75; 15.3	−27.3/−6.8; −8.65/12.15; 25.55/5.05
Rumination	Healthy, CM; CM, TMD; TMD, healthy	−6.61; 1.18; 5.42	−10.4/−2.83; −2.66/5.03; 1.64/9.21
Magnification	Healthy, CM; CM, TMD; TMD, healthy	−1.8; −0.87; 2.67	−4.03/0.42; −3.13/1.38; 0.45/4.9
Helplessness	Healthy, CM; CM, TMD; TMD, healthy	−8.63; 1.43; 7.19	−13.74/−3.53; −3.74/6.62; 2.1/12.3
Kinesiophobia	Healthy, CM; CM, TMD; TMD, healthy	−3.87; −0.57; 4.45	−7.79/0.04; −4.55/3.4; 0.42/8.48

CI: 95% confidence intervals (lower limit/upper limit).
TMD: temporomandibular disorder; CM: chronic migraine.
.
.