Comparison of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Parasternal Block for Postoperative Pain Management after Cardiac Surgery

Table 1

Demographic and perioperative characteristics.

Characteristic	Treatment group
	Control ()	Parasternal block ()	TENS ()
Age, years	60.1 ± 12.6	63.5 ± 10.2	58.2 ± 11.5	0.438
Sex,
Female	13	13	13	0.909
Male	24	25	27
Weight, kg	76.1 ± 11.3	70.6 ± 10.8	75 ± 14.1	0.128
Height, cm	167 ± 9	169 ± 8	170 ± 9	0.228
Ejection fraction, %	52 ± 4	55 ± 6	55 ± 6	0.526
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	14 (37.8)	9 (23.7)	17 (42.5)	0.175
Hypertension, (%)	17 (45.9)	24 (63.1)	21 (52.5)	0.426
Obstructive lung disease, (%)	2 (0.5)	2 (0.5)	1 (0.2)	0.345
Operation time, min	189 ± 37	196 ± 44	198 ± 38	0.984
Surgery type
CABG, (%)	31 (83)	32 (84)	33 (0.82)	0.483
Valve replacement, (%)	4 (10)	2 (5)	4 (10)	0.876
CABG and valve replacement, (%)	2 (5)	4 (10)	3 (7.5)	0.724
IMA harvest,
Yes	33	32	33	0.347
No	4	6	7
Fentanyl total dose, µg	1320 ± 185.3	1383 ± 194.6	1302 ± 191.1	0.281

Data presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; IMA: internal mammary artery; TENS: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.