Gender Differences in Symptoms, Health-Related Quality of Life, Sleep Quality, Mental Health, Cognitive Performance, Pain-Cognition, and Positive Health in Spanish Fibromyalgia Individuals: The Al-Ándalus Project
Table 2
Tender points in women and men, separated by the presence or absence of fibromyalgia.
Fibromyalgia
Effect size
Nonfibromyalgia
Effect size
Women ()
Men ()
Women ()
Men ()
Mean (SE)
Mean (SE)
Mean (SE)
Mean (SE)
Occiput right total
2.2 (0.0)
2.3 (0.2)
0.610
0.11
5.5 (0.1)
6.6 (0.2)
<0.001
0.65
0.008
Occiput left total
2.2 (0.0)
2.3 (0.2)
0.665
0.10
5.5 (0.1)
6.5 (0.2)
<0.001
0.64
0.008
Anterior cervical right total
1.7 (0.0)
1.7 (0.1)
0.991
0.00
4.2 (0.1)
5.6 (0.2)
<0.001
0.84
<0.001
Anterior cervical left total
1.7 (0.0)
1.7 (0.1)
0.742
0.07
4.0 (0.1)
5.4 (0.2)
<0.001
0.92
<0.001
Trapezius right total
2.3 (0.0)
2.4 (0.2)
0.964
0.01
6.1 (0.1)
7.3 (0.2)
<0.001
0.83
<0.001
Trapezius left total
2.4 (0.0)
2.3 (0.2)
0.408
0.18
6.1 (0.1)
7.3 (0.2)
<0.001
0.86
<0.001
Supraspinatus right total
2.6 (0.1)
2.2 (0.2)
0.100
0.37
6.8 (0.1)
7.6 (0.2)
<0.001
0.62
<0.001
Supraspinatus left total
2.7 (0.1)
2.4 (0.2)
0.182
0.30
7.1 (0.1)
7.7 (0.2)
<0.001
0.57
0.003
Second rib right total
2.1 (0.0)
2.2 (0.2)
0.453
0.17
5.2 (0.1)
7.1 (0.2)
<0.001
1.22
<0.001
Second rib left total
2.0 (0.0)
2.2 (0.2)
0.154
0.32
5.0 (0.1)
7.2 (0.2)
<0.001
1.35
<0.001
Lateral epicondyle right total
3.0 (0.1)
2.6 (0.3)
0.246
0.26
7.2 (0.1)
7.3 (0.2)
0.503
0.10
0.178
Lateral epicondyle left total
2.9 (0.1)
2.5 (0.3)
0.213
0.28
7.0 (0.1)
7.3 (0.2)
0.207
0.20
0.085
Gluteal right total
2.5 (0.1)
2.9 (0.2)
0.157
0.31
6.5 (0.1)
7.7 (0.2)
<0.001
0.83
0.020
Gluteal left total
2.6 (0.1)
3.0 (0.2)
0.047
0.44
6.3 (0.1)
7.6 (0.2)
<0.001
0.89
0.023
Great trochanter right total
2.7 (0.1)
2.8 (0.2)
0.494
0.15
6.5 (0.1)
7.7 (0.2)
<0.001
0.85
0.005
Great trochanter left total
2.6 (0.0)
2.8 (0.2)
0.224
0.27
6.2 (0.1)
7.6 (0.2)
<0.001
0.93
0.002
Knee right total
2.1 (0.0)
2.4 (0.2)
0.089
0.38
5.4 (0.1)
7.0 (0.2)
<0.001
0.92
<0.001
Knee left total
2.1 (0.0)
2.4 (0.2)
0.128
0.34
5.4 (0.1)
7.2 (0.2)
<0.001
1.03
<0.001
Total number points
16.8 (0.1)
16.8 (0.4)
0.877
0.04
3.3 (0.2)
0.8 (0.4)
<0.001
0.88
<0.001
Total pain threshold
42.6 (0.7)
43.2 (3.0)
0.829
0.05
105.9 (1.4)
127.6 (3.0)
<0.001
1.03
<0.001
SE, standard error. Differences between women and men groups were performed using linear regression with marital status and current occupational status entered as covariates in fibromyalgia, whereas marital status, current occupational status, and body mass index were used in nonfibromyalgia participants. Effect size statistics are expressed as Cohen’s .
