Investigating the Burden of Chronic Pain: An Inflammatory and Metabolic Composite

Table 4

Multivariable ANOVA of chronic pain and the risk factor composite.

Parameter		Std. error	95% confidence interval		Sig.
			Lower bound	Upper bound
Intercept	−0.051	0.039	−0.126	0.025	0.191
Sex	0.179	0.022	0.137	0.222	<0.001
AGEGRP3	0.517	0.03	0.459	0.575	<0.001
AGEGRP2	0.505	0.024	0.458	0.552	<0.001
AGEGRP1	0.302	0.024	0.255	0.349	<0.001
HIGH_EDU	−0.175	0.018	−0.211	−0.139	<0.001
SMOKING2	0.192	0.025	0.143	0.241	<0.001
SMOKING1	0.117	0.02	0.078	0.155	<0.001
ALCOHOL3	−0.336	0.033	−0.401	−0.27	<0.001
ALCOHOL2	−0.215	0.031	−0.276	−0.154	<0.001
ALCOHOL1	−0.125	0.033	−0.189	−0.06	<0.001
EXERCISE3	−0.529	0.028	−0.583	−0.475	<0.001
EXERCISE2	−0.309	0.024	−0.355	−0.263	<0.001
EXERCISE1	−0.148	0.027	−0.2	−0.095	<0.001
CPAIN	0.206	0.024	0.159	0.254	<0.001
Sex CPAIN	−0.087	0.037	−0.159	−0.015	0.017

Coding: dummy coding was completed for each of the following variables.
Age group (0 = 30–44; 1 = 45–59; 2 = 60–69; 3 = 70–87).
High education (0 = no; 1 = yes).
Smoking (0 = never; 1 = previously; 2 = currently).
Alcohol (0 = <2 units/mth; 1 = <3-4 units/mth; 2 = 5–1 units/mth; 3 = >16 units/mth).
Exercise (0 = <1x per week; per week; 2 = 2-3x week; 3 = 4+x week).