Cadaveric Evaluation of Different Approaches for Quadratus Lumborum Blocks

Figure 4

Cadaveric dissection following the posterior QL block with an alternative needle approach. (a) The deeply stained middle layer of the TLF. (b) The dye spread laterally to the TAP. (c) The subcostal (SC), iliohypogastric (IH), and ilioinguinal (II) nerves were stained. (d) The TF plane was deeply stained, but the PPS was preserved (ES, erector spinae; QL, quadratus lumborum; IC, iliac crest; EO, external oblique muscle; IO, internal oblique muscle; TA, transversus abdominis muscle; PPS, posterior pararenal space; TAP, transversus abdominis plane; TLF, thoracolumbar fascia; TF, transversalis fascia).

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