| | | Onset & duration | Comments | References |
| | Ischemic limb pain | Preoperative to intraoperative. | Pain intensity prior to amputation is a significant predictor of developing chronic limb pain. | [11, 12] |
| | Residual limb pain (stump pain) | Intraoperative to 1-2 weeks postoperative. Median pain 15.5 on a 0–100 visual analog scale in the first week postoperatively. Severe pain in 5–10% of patients. | Stump pain (sharp, localized pain) gradually lessens as the wound heals. May be prolonged if complications arise such as infection, tissue necrosis, wound dehiscence, osteomyelitis, and neuroma formation. | [10, 11, 13, 14] |
| | Phantom limb pain | Onset 1–7 days postoperative (or longer). Incidence up to 85%. Mean pain 22 on a 0–100 visual analog scale at 6 months after amputation. Severe pain in 5–10% of patients. May persist for months to years. | Symptoms: Intermittent (or sometimes constant) aching, cramping, burning, shooting, stabbing, boring, squeezing, or throbbing pains. Multiple poorly understood etiologies. | [10, 11, 13, 15, 16] |
| | Phantom limb sensations | Onset 1–7 days postoperative. Incidence up to 90%. May persist for months to years. | Symptoms: Nonpainful sensations that the amputated limb still exists but may feel twisted deformed or have muscle cramps, tingling or itching. Multiple poorly understood etiologies. | [10, 11, 13, 15] |
| | Other musculoskeletal pain | Postoperative. | Back, hip, and knee pain with gait abnormalities related to changes in mechanics due to the amputated limb/prosthetic. | [10, 17] |
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