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Items | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 |
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(1) Really have pain, it is not in their head | 0.409 | 0.263 | 0.056 |
(2) Just want to be prescribed drugs | 0.717 | 0.081 | 0.008 |
(3) Try to obtain sick leave to stop working | 0.746 | 0.006 | −0.091 |
(4) Just want to be lazy and not accomplish their daily tasks | 0.716 | 0.203 | 0.064 |
(5) Complain of pain to get attention from others | 0.778 | 0.089 | −0.011 |
(6) Really want to get better | 0.594 | 0.236 | −0.041 |
(7) Complain about their pain, but continue their activities (e.g., sports, motorized sports, and watercraft). Their pain should not be that bad | 0.543 | 0.095 | 0.008 |
(8) Become dependent on their medications, like drug addicts | 0.467 | 0.028 | −0.200 |
(9) Often tend to exaggerate the severity of their condition | 0.745 | 0.144 | −0.077 |
(10) Chronic pain causes several physical symptoms (e.g., muscle tension, change in appetite, reduced mobility, and fatigue) | 0.220 | 0.515 | 0.122 |
(11) Chronic pain can have a direct impact on sex life | 0.262 | 0.651 | 0.025 |
(12) People with chronic pain are sometimes not accepted by their relatives | 0.126 | 0.494 | −0.026 |
(13) Chronic pain may be associated with negative emotions (e.g., fear, anger, or sadness) | 0.184 | 0.591 | 0.150 |
(14) People with chronic pain do not tend to isolate themselves | 0.208 | 0.281 | 0.072 |
(15) People with chronic pain usually have more difficulty resisting stressful events of daily life | −0.128 | 0.274 | 0.083 |
(16) The risk of death by suicide is higher among people with chronic pain than in the general population | 0.144 | 0.500 | −0.015 |
(17) Chronic pain costs billions of dollars to our society | −0.247 | 0.270 | 0.209 |
(18) People with chronic pain do not always have access to healthcare services to treat their condition | 0.190 | 0.356 | −0.125 |
(19) Doctors lack time to treat chronic pain | −0.011 | 0.265 | 0.005 |
(20) Consulting a psychologist is useless unless the person with chronic pain is depressed | −0.048 | 0.129 | 0.443 |
(21) There is not much to do to improve chronic pain | 0.113 | 0.060 | 0.388 |
(22) Good sleeping habits help reduce chronic pain | −0.185 | 0.286 | 0.526 |
(23) A balanced diet helps reduce chronic pain | −0.193 | 0.271 | 0.616 |
(24) Doing physical exercise may worsen chronic pain | −0.003 | −0.175 | 0.700 |
(25) Working may worsen chronic pain | −0.132 | −0.255 | 0.640 |
(26) The treatment of chronic pain is in the hands of healthcare professionals and not those of the patient | 0.040 | 0.010 | 0.350 |
Eigenvalues before rotation | 5.38 | 3.16 | 2.12 |
Percentage of variance explained after rotation | 16.26 | 9.38 | 8.45 |
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