Skin/Muscle Incision and Retraction Induces Evoked and Spontaneous Pain in Mice

Figure 4

Systemic administration of clonidine induced the place preference to the drug-paired chamber. (a) Mice that received sham treatments spent equal amounts of time in the chambers during the preconditioning and testing periods (two-way RM ANOVA, pre versus test: F1; 23 = 0.06, ; drug versus saline: F1; 23 = 7.54, , interaction: F1; 23 = 3.29, ; n = 6). (b) No difference was detected in the preference times of the sham group (t-test, ). (c) Preference was detected after the application of clonidine (0.5 mg/kg) to the mice of SMIR (two-way RM ANOVA, pre versus test: F1; 23 = 3.41, ; drug versus saline: F1; 23 = 26.81, , interaction: F1; 23 = 17.99, ; n = 6). (d) A significant difference was detected in the preference times of the SMIR group (t-test, ). ANOVA, analysis of variance; RM, repeated measures; PI, preference index.

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