Risk Factors Associated with Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders among Barbers in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 2
Factors associated with WUEDs among barbers, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018.
Variables ()
Upper extremity disorders
Crude OR (95% CI)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)
value
Yes
No
Age
≤30 years
191
167
1
>30 years
46
13
3.09 (1.616, 5.925)
2.61 (1.287, 5.307)
0.001
Monthly salary
<1100 ETB
22
7
2.64 (1.063, 6.552)
3.13 (1.157, 6.441)
0.001
1101–1700 ETB
134
105
1.07 (0.710, 1.616)
1.54 (0.969, 2.436)
>1700 ETB
81
68
1
1
Work experience
≤5 years
161
139
1
>5 years
76
41
1.60 (1.028, 2.491)
0.80 (0.448, 1.416)
0.061
Working hours/day
≤8 hours
51
57
1
1
>8 hours
186
123
1.69 (1.087, 2.627)
1.35 (0.813, 2.226)
0.051
Safety training
No
221
174
0.48 (0.183, 1.243)
0.45 (0.158, 1.279)
0.043
Yes
16
6
1
1
Alcohol drinking
No
123
145
1
1
Yes
114
35
3.81 (2.435, 5.973)
3.74 (2.280, 5.717)
0.001
Physical exercise
No
182
111
2.06 (1.344, 3.149)
1.94 (1.216, 3.089)
0.002
Yes
55
69
1
1
Working posture
Standing
126
77
1.52 (1.028, 2.243)
1.54 (1.006, 2.346)
0.103
Sitting
111
103
1
1
Payment method
Hourly
54
47
1
1
Piece-rate work
120
103
1.01 (0.633, 1.635)
0.72 (0.342, 1.530)
Monthly
63
30
1.83 (1.019, 3.280)
0.70 (0.349, 1.402)
0.110
Rest break
No
113
99
0.75 (0.505, 1.100)
1.04 (0.613, 1.747)
0.022
Yes
124
81
1
1
Job satisfaction
Satisfied
89
52
1
1
Not satisfied
148
128
1.48 (0.977, 2.244)
1.23 (0.702, 2.104)
0.140
Significant at a value <0.2 in a bivariate analysis; significant in multivariate analysis at a value <0.05. ETB = Ethiopian birr; N = number; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
