Cognitive Decline in Chronic Migraine with Nonsteroid Anti-inflammation Drug Overuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristic of the participants.

		CM		MO	Control
		CM-MOH	CMwoMOH
No.		21	20	35	40
Age, year, mean ± SD^a		48.90 ± 13.51	48.40 ± 10.33	45.89 ± 7.10	47.10 ± 7.04
Female, %^b		80.95	80.00	77.14	77.50
Education, year, %^b	0–6	19.05	20.00	17.14	17.50
	7–9	52.38	50.00	51.43	52.50
	10–12	14.28	20.00	20.00	17.50
	>12	14.28	10.00	11.43	12.50
Hypertension, %^b		14.28	10.00	0	0
Diabetes, %^b		0	0	0	0
High LDL, %^b		9.52	10.00	11.43	0
Smoke, %^b		9.52	5.00	11.43	7.50
Alcohol, %^b		0	0	2.86	2.50
Family history, %^b		52.38	25.00	28.57	NA

^aANOVA, ; ^bchi-squared tests, . CM, chronic migraine; CM-MOH, chronic migraine with medication overuse headache; CMwoMOH, chronic migraine without medication overuse headache; MO, migraine without aura; SD, standard deviation; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ANOVA, one-way analysis of variance.