Effects of a Newly Developed Therapeutic Deep Heating Device Using High Frequency in Patients with Shoulder Pain and Disability: A Pilot Study

Table 2

Baseline characteristics of 34 patients in the prospective randomized controlled trial assessing deep heat therapy.

Variables	HIPER-500® ()	SonoStim® ()	value
Age (yrs)	47.83 ± 12.28	46.75 ± 11.50	0.793
Gender (male : female)	8 : 10	4 : 12	0.236
VAS-P1	4.17 ± 2.38	4.38 ± 0.96	0.736
VAS-P2	6.17 ± 1.86	5.13 ± 1.26	0.068
VAS-P3	2.89 ± 2.59	3.44 ± 1.59	0.469
UCLA score	24.28 ± 3.92	26.81 ± 3.54	0.058
SPADI-total	41.88 ± 22.09	36.53 ± 14.84	0.419
Constant score-total	70.04 ± 16.23	72.09 ± 10.88	0.673

VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; VAS-P1, VAS pain at the current moment; VAS-P2, VAS pain with shoulder movement; VAS-P3, VAS pain in the resting position of the shoulder; UCLA score, University of California at Los Angeles score; SPADI, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index.