Mechanisms of “Cough-Trick” for Pain Relief during Venipuncture: An Experimental Crossover Investigation in Healthy Volunteers

<div>Study design of investigation 3. Venipuncture (VP) without intervention was performed prior to the administration of nonselective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (NX infusion). 30 minutes later, a second VP with a cough-trick (CT) under naloxone impact was performed. Pain intensity was assessed at both VPs and compared.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 2

Figure 2: Mechanisms of “Cough-Trick” for Pain Relief during Venipuncture: An Experimental Crossover Investigation in Healthy Volunteers 